Chapter - 2 THE NOUN (الإسم)

Chapter 2
Noun (الإسم)

Base on Wikipedia, A noun, or noun substantive, is a part of speech (a word or phrase) which can co-occur with (in)definite articles and attributive adjectives, and function as the head of a noun phrase.

The word "noun" derives from the Latin nomen meaning "name", and a traditional definition of nouns is that they are all and only those expressions that refer to a person, place, thing, event, substance, quality or idea.

Example :
محمد = Muhammad, علي = Ali
قط = cat, كلب = dog
مكة = Mecca, عرب = Arab
ثقافة = culture
استثمار = Investment
السيوعية = comunism
رجل = man, امراءة = woman
الحق = truth,
كتابة = writing, قراءة = reading

Proper nouns and Common nouns (الإسم الأعلام والنكرة)
Proper nouns (also called proper names) are the names of unique entities. For example محمد = Muhammad (people’s names). This includes the name of animal, places, etc. In this case, there are 2 thing that have to be known by a translator :
1. Changing Arabic’s letter to English or Latinian. Example :علي = Ali
2. Capitalizing all first English or Latinian letter.
All other nouns are called common nouns. For example : رجل = man or امراءة = woman.

Concrete nouns and Abstract nouns
Concrete nouns refer to definite objects—objects in which you use at least one of your senses. Example : قط = cat, كلب = dog.
Abstract nouns on the other hand refer to ideas or concepts, such as الحق = truth, العدل = justice, or الجمال = beauty.

Collective nouns (أسماء الجمع)
Collective nouns are subject-specific words used to define a grouping of people, animals, objects or concepts. For example, in the phrase "a parliament of owls", parliament (البرلمان is a collective noun. Other examples in Arabic :
جمهرة = Multitude
جمهور = Crowd
جيش = Army

Verbal nouns (أسماء الفعل)
A verbal noun is a noun formed directly as an inflexion of a verb or a verb stem, sharing at least in part its constructions. This term is applied especially to gerunds, and sometimes also to infinitives and supines.
Example :
القراءة = Reading
الكتابة = Writing
الكلام = Speaking

I hope this explanation could make you able to translate both Arabic into English or English to Arabic. I hope you understand and I will always wait for your attention and your correction.

Thank you very much.

Wassalamu Alaikum Wr. Wb.

Download : noun.pdf